University online education: a systematic review of the literature from 2019 to 2023
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Abstract
This article reviews the literature on online education in universities from 2019 to 2023, highlighting both advances and persistent challenges in this field. Through a systematic review, emerging trends and institutional responses to the dramatic shift toward digital education, exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, are explored. Numerous studies are examined, reflecting a diversity of pedagogical approaches, technological challenges, and adaptation strategies. The findings indicate that while online education has improved in terms of accessibility and flexibility, it faces significant challenges in teaching quality and equity of access. The study underscores the need for a holistic approach that considers not only technological infrastructure but also pedagogical methodologies to ensure inclusive and effective education.
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