Impacto del ejercicio físico en los sistemas cardiovascular y respiratorio: revisión sistemática en el contexto educativo
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El impacto positivo del ejercicio físico en la prevención de enfermedades cardiopulmonares y bienestar general es ampliamente documentado en la literatura. Sin embargo, su integración en contextos educativos es un tema poco abordado. Es por ello que, el objetivo de este artículo fue analizar el impacto que tiene el ejercicio físico en los sistemas cardiovascular y respiratorio, desde una perspectiva pedagógica. Para ello, se realizó una revisión sistemática en la base de datos de Scopus, de acuerdo a la normativa Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review (PRISMA). Se seleccionaron estudios mediante criterios Population, Intervention, Comparison and Outcomes (PICO) y se analizaron con herramientas bibliométricas y temáticas. Como resultado, se evidenció cómo el ejercicio físico mejora la función cardiorrespiratoria, especialmente en poblaciones clínicas. Se identificaron tendencias tecnopedagógicas, biomédicas y contextuales. En todas ellas, se evidenció una desintegración hasta el momento entre las disciplinas biomédicas y pedagógicas. De esta forma, el ejercicio físico fue una herramienta valiosa para enseñar procesos fisiológicos y su impacto en la reducción de síntomas cardiopulmonares, a su vez, fue notable.
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